How do termites reach the wood?
The termites that damage homes, which many people in Egypt call white ants, live in a colony under the ground, in the soil or close to it. The colony has pale, soft, wingless workers, soldiers with bigger heads, and a queen that lays the eggs. The workers are the ones that eat wood. They reach it from the soil through mud tubes they build themselves, so they can stay in damp, hidden conditions the whole way.
A tube can climb the outside of a foundation, or run behind plaster and cladding that reaches the ground, where you never see it. Once it reaches wood, the termites eat the softer layers and leave the harder ones, so the wood is hollowed out along the grain while its surface stays intact. That is why many infestations go unnoticed for years, until a door threshold cracks underfoot, the parquet sinks, or a built-in wardrobe starts to wobble.
Anything that contains cellulose can be eaten: wood, cardboard, paper, and books stored on the floor of a damp basement.
Termites in Egypt
A study from Assiut University, published in 2015 in the Journal of Plant Protection Research, reports 8 species of subterranean termites in Egypt, 4 of them in the genus Psammotermes, including the sand termite. The same study says subterranean termites are most widespread in the arid and semi-arid parts of Upper Egypt, and that the sand termite is a major pest in the New Valley governorate.
These termites prefer warm, damp places, and the sand termite can do serious damage to unprotected buildings, to wood and to anything made of cellulose. You will find warmth and damp in plenty of homes in every governorate: a bathroom leaking into a wall, a garden watered right up against the foundation, or a closed basement with no ventilation.
Termites, ants or woodworm?
Many people call any insect in wood “woodworm” and any flying insect a “flying ant”. The treatments are completely different, though, so look at what the insect left behind:
- Mud tubes, and hollow wood with mud inside: subterranean termites coming up from the soil.
- Small, hard pellets with flat sides, piled under a hole in the wood: droppings of another kind of termite, the drywood termite, which lives in dry wood and never needs to reach the soil.
- Small round holes and fine powder like flour: woodworm, which needs a different treatment that gets inside the wood. See our woodworm treatment page.
- A flying insect with a narrow waist and longer front wings: an ordinary ant, not a termite.
If you’re not sure, take a close-up photo of the insect or the damage next to a coin or a pen so the size is clear, and send it on WhatsApp. That photo can save you a visit for the wrong insect. Our guide on woodworm vs termites goes through the differences in more detail.
When should you call a termite control company?
Call if you find a mud tube on a foundation or a wall, flying insects indoors followed by wings on the windowsill, or wood that sounds hollow in a door frame or the parquet. The same applies if you are buying or renovating an older house with a lot of woodwork, because a termite inspection before installation is easier than lifting the parquet afterward.
Until the technician arrives, leave the tubes as they are and don’t spray them, fix any water leak you know about, and move firewood, cardboard and old timber away from the walls. The damage keeps growing inside the wood without showing on the outside, and every month of delay can mean more wood to replace. Call or WhatsApp +201007892200, or see the other ways to reach us on our contact page.